19th C Russian Orthodox Bronze Travel Icon Crucifix with Passion Scenes

This rare and complex Russian Orthodox travel icon crucifix from the 19th century, measuring approximately 21.5 cm in height and 13 cm in width, is a richly detailed devotional object cast in bronze with deep engraving and partial enamel work. Known as a narrative Golgotha cross, this piece was designed for personal devotion during journeys, often used by pilgrims and monastics within the Russian Empire.
At the center is the Crucified Christ beneath the INRI inscription and the traditional “IC XC” Christogram. Flanking His figure are miniature icons of key scenes from the Passion and Resurrection, including the Descent into Hell, the Lamentation, and Christ before Pilate, as well as saints and prophets. Above, the Mandylion (Holy Face of Christ) is depicted beneath three seraphim-topped columns, while the Holy Trinity is shown just below with God the Father, the Holy Spirit as a dove, and angelic hosts.
The lower section of the cross contains depictions of Mary and John, the Myrrhbearers, and scenes from the Gospels in high relief. The reverse is smooth and unadorned, as expected from traditional travel icons.
This form of cross served not only as a symbol of faith but as a theological map of salvation history. Designed for carrying and veneration during travel, these bronze icons were widely used by Old Believers and Orthodox faithful and are now highly sought-after for their devotional richness and artistic craftsmanship.
 
Condition:
Good condition with age-consistent patina. Traces of white and blue enamel remain in the recessed sections. Some wear to finer details, but inscriptions and iconography remain legible and intact. No structural damage.
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